Dr. Pathik Parikh Hepatologist and Liver Transplant Physician

  Fatty Liver is no longer an unheard term. The prevalence of fatty liver in India is approximately 30% and that means that nearly one in three person suffers from it. The disease is not as benign as the name and prevalence suggest. This disease is the most common liver disease worldwide. It is on path to become the number 1 reason for liver cirrhosis, liver cancer and liver transplant. New Terminology The disease has gone significant change in terminology and is now known as  MASLD – Metabolic-Dysfunction Associated Steatotic Liver Disease  and recently in 2023 the experts of the world met and proposed the following terminology for types of  SLD (Steatotic Liver Disease)  or  Fatty Liver Disease MASLD – Previously NAFLD or Fatty Liver MASH – Previously NASH MetALD – No previous terminology (Patients also take alcohol in addition). Risk Factors MASLD and MASH is usually seen in patients who are obese, overweight and suffer from diabetes, hypertension, seden...

Liver is a complex organ with more than 500 functions. Liver diseases are not just limited to alcohol. Over the last two decades, liver diseases besides alcohol have been considered as a cause for liver failure. The list below is just to name a few. Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Alcoholic Fatty Liver disease Viral Hepatitis Metabolic liver disease Autoimmune hepatitis Drug induced liver injury Vascular liver disease Congenital liver disease Primary biliary cholangitis Primary sclerosing cholangitis Infectious liver disease Granulomatous liver disease Fatty Liver disease is the most common cause of liver disease in India and worldwide. Alcohol related liver disease is constant through these years while viral hepatitis thanks to good treatment availability is decreasing. These liver diseases can present as any of the following manner. Asymptomatic – Incidental finding on investigations Acute hepatitis with or without jaundice Acute Liver failure Chronic hepatitis Cirrhosis of liver A...

  "Understanding Drug-induced Liver Injury (DILI): Symptoms, Causes, and Treatment" is a clear and informative title that covers the essential aspects of DILI. Here's an outline of what each section might include: Symptoms of Drug-induced Liver Injury (DILI): Overview of common symptoms such as fatigue, jaundice (yellowing of the skin and eyes), abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, and loss of appetite. Discussion on the variability of symptoms depending on the severity and type of liver injury caused by different drugs. Causes of Drug-induced Liver Injury (DILI): Explanation of how certain medications and drugs can lead to liver injury. Classification of DILI based on mechanisms, such as direct hepatotoxicity, idiosyncratic reactions, and immune-mediated responses. Risk Factors for Drug-induced Liver Injury (DILI) : Identification of factors that increase the likelihood of developing DILI, including specific drug characteristics, patient-related factors (e.g., age, genetics...